Showing posts with label Disruptions of Circadian Rhythms Rest or Sleep. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Disruptions of Circadian Rhythms Rest or Sleep. Show all posts
Monday, October 2, 2017
Nobel Prize to Drosophila researchers
The Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine 2017 has been awarded to three Drosophila researchers, J.C. Hall, M. Rosbash, and M.W. Young, for their work uncovering molecular mechanisms of circadian rhythms. Read more at the the Nobel Prize website.
Thursday, December 15, 2016
Review -- Relevance of circadian rhythm gene Timeless to human health and disease
Mazzoccoli G, Laukkanen MO, Vinciguerra M, Colangelo T, Colantuoni V. A Timeless Link Between Circadian Patterns and Disease. Trends Mol Med. 2016 Jan;22(1):68-81. PMID: 26691298.
From the abstract: "The Timeless (Tim) gene, originally identified in Drosophila melanogaster and subsequently in mammals, is involved in the molecular clockwork that drives 24h periodicity in physiology and behavior. The Tim protein is ... a multifaceted factor implicated in the maintenance of many cellular processes, tissue functions, and ultimately homeostasis of various organisms, from insects to humans. This review highlights the current knowledge of Tim functions, especially the most recent achievements, and illustrates the possible roles that this factor plays in the physiological preservation of health, as well as in the pathogenic mechanisms of related diseases."
From the abstract: "The Timeless (Tim) gene, originally identified in Drosophila melanogaster and subsequently in mammals, is involved in the molecular clockwork that drives 24h periodicity in physiology and behavior. The Tim protein is ... a multifaceted factor implicated in the maintenance of many cellular processes, tissue functions, and ultimately homeostasis of various organisms, from insects to humans. This review highlights the current knowledge of Tim functions, especially the most recent achievements, and illustrates the possible roles that this factor plays in the physiological preservation of health, as well as in the pathogenic mechanisms of related diseases."
Monday, February 15, 2016
Flies and sleep and neuronal diseases -- review
Zordan MA, Sandrelli F. Circadian Clock Dysfunction and Psychiatric Disease: Could Fruit Flies have a Say? Front Neurol. 2015 Apr 20;6:80. PMID: 25941512; PMCID: PMC4403521.
From the abstract: "There is evidence of a link between the circadian system and psychiatric diseases. ... Disruption of clock genes and/or the clock network might be related to the etiology of these pathologies; also, some genes, known for their circadian clock functions, might be associated to mental illnesses through clock-independent pleiotropy. Here, we examine the features which we believe make Drosophila melanogaster a model apt to study the role of the circadian clock in psychiatric disease. ... We sum up current knowledge on behavioral endophenotypes, which are amenable to modeling in flies, such as defects involving sleep, cognition, or social interactions, and discuss the relationship of the circadian system to these traits. Finally, we consider if Drosophila could be a valuable asset to understand the relationship between circadian clock malfunction and psychiatric disease."
From the abstract: "There is evidence of a link between the circadian system and psychiatric diseases. ... Disruption of clock genes and/or the clock network might be related to the etiology of these pathologies; also, some genes, known for their circadian clock functions, might be associated to mental illnesses through clock-independent pleiotropy. Here, we examine the features which we believe make Drosophila melanogaster a model apt to study the role of the circadian clock in psychiatric disease. ... We sum up current knowledge on behavioral endophenotypes, which are amenable to modeling in flies, such as defects involving sleep, cognition, or social interactions, and discuss the relationship of the circadian system to these traits. Finally, we consider if Drosophila could be a valuable asset to understand the relationship between circadian clock malfunction and psychiatric disease."
Thursday, November 19, 2015
Review of Drosophila a model for neuropsychopharmacology-related research
Narayanan AS, Rothenfluh A. I Believe I Can Fly!: Use of Drosophila as a Model Organism in Neuropsychopharmacology Research. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015 Oct 30. PMID: 26576740.
From the abstract: "... Here, we outline why we study an invertebrate organism in the context of neuropsychiatric disorders, and we discuss how we can gain insight from studies in Drosophila. ... Highlighting some translational examples, we underline the fact that their brains works more like ours than one would have anticipated."
Their Fig. 1 provides a nice graphical summary of translational approaches.
From the abstract: "... Here, we outline why we study an invertebrate organism in the context of neuropsychiatric disorders, and we discuss how we can gain insight from studies in Drosophila. ... Highlighting some translational examples, we underline the fact that their brains works more like ours than one would have anticipated."
Their Fig. 1 provides a nice graphical summary of translational approaches.
Friday, October 30, 2015
Sleep-deprived and feeling it: new use of fly as a model of sleep deprivation-related seizures
Lucey BP, Leahy A, Rosas R, Shaw PJ. A new model to study sleep deprivation-induced seizure. Free online at Sleep. 2015 May 1;38(5):777-85. PMID: 25515102.
Friday, September 18, 2015
Saturday, July 11, 2015
Review--Drosophila as a model for study of sleep disorders
Donelson NC, Sanyal S. Use of Drosophila in the investigation of Sleep Disorders. Exp Neurol. 2015 Jul 6. pii: S0014-4886(15)30034-0. PMID: 26160555.
From the abstract: "Genetic underpinnings for sleep disorders in humans remain poorly identified, investigated and understood. ... On the other hand, there have been steady and remarkable developments in the investigation of sleep using model organisms such as Drosophila. ... Here, we discuss the opportunities and limitations of studying sleep disorders in Drosophila and propose that a greater convergence of basic sleep research in model organisms and human genetics should catalyze better understanding of sleep disorders and generate viable therapeutic options."
From the abstract: "Genetic underpinnings for sleep disorders in humans remain poorly identified, investigated and understood. ... On the other hand, there have been steady and remarkable developments in the investigation of sleep using model organisms such as Drosophila. ... Here, we discuss the opportunities and limitations of studying sleep disorders in Drosophila and propose that a greater convergence of basic sleep research in model organisms and human genetics should catalyze better understanding of sleep disorders and generate viable therapeutic options."
Thursday, June 6, 2013
Flies, sleep & Alzheimers. Recent report.
From the abstract: "Our findings reveal a novel mechanism for Tip60 mediated sleep-wake regulation ... and provide insight into epigenetic-based regulation of sleep disturbances observed in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease."
Pirooznia SK, Chiu K, Chan MT, Zimmerman JE, Elefant F. Epigenetic regulation of axonal growth of Drosophila pacemaker cells by histone acetyltransferase tip60 controls sleep. Genetics. 2012 Dec;192(4):1327-45. PMID: 22982579; PMCID: PMC3512142.
See also this post on a related paper from the same lab group.
Pirooznia SK, Chiu K, Chan MT, Zimmerman JE, Elefant F. Epigenetic regulation of axonal growth of Drosophila pacemaker cells by histone acetyltransferase tip60 controls sleep. Genetics. 2012 Dec;192(4):1327-45. PMID: 22982579; PMCID: PMC3512142.
See also this post on a related paper from the same lab group.
Thursday, August 2, 2012
Clocks & Neurodisease. Breaking Report.
This study looks at the effect of genetically disrupting circadian rhythms on neurodegeneration, and finds functional ties between the two.
Krishnan N, Rakshit K, Chow ES, Wentzell JS, Kretzschmar D, Giebultowicz JM. Loss of circadian clock accelerates aging in neurodegeneration-prone mutants. Neurobiol Dis. 2012 Mar;45(3):1129-35. PubMed PMID: 22227001; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3291167.
Mutations in swi and sws are used in the study to model neurodegeneration.
The swi gene appears not to have been well conserved (no strong-scoring matches at DIOPT for example). By contrast, the sws gene has been conserved. The fly sws gene is related to the human gene PNPLA6 (also called NTE; Entrez Gene ID 10908). PNPLA6 is associated with spastic paraplegia 39, one of a group of spastic paraplegias. According to the literature summary at Entrez Gene, the normal role of the PNPLA6 protein is as a phopholipase that deacetyates intracellular phophatidylcholine, producing glycerophophocholine.
Mutations in per are used in the study to disrupt circadian rhythms.
The fly per gene has at least 3 putative orthologs in the human genome, PER1, PER2 and PER3. According to OMIM, mutations in PER2 are associated with familial advanced sleep phase syndrome.
Krishnan N, Rakshit K, Chow ES, Wentzell JS, Kretzschmar D, Giebultowicz JM. Loss of circadian clock accelerates aging in neurodegeneration-prone mutants. Neurobiol Dis. 2012 Mar;45(3):1129-35. PubMed PMID: 22227001; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3291167.
Mutations in swi and sws are used in the study to model neurodegeneration.
The swi gene appears not to have been well conserved (no strong-scoring matches at DIOPT for example). By contrast, the sws gene has been conserved. The fly sws gene is related to the human gene PNPLA6 (also called NTE; Entrez Gene ID 10908). PNPLA6 is associated with spastic paraplegia 39, one of a group of spastic paraplegias. According to the literature summary at Entrez Gene, the normal role of the PNPLA6 protein is as a phopholipase that deacetyates intracellular phophatidylcholine, producing glycerophophocholine.
Mutations in per are used in the study to disrupt circadian rhythms.
The fly per gene has at least 3 putative orthologs in the human genome, PER1, PER2 and PER3. According to OMIM, mutations in PER2 are associated with familial advanced sleep phase syndrome.
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